Intervertebral implant having mechanical securement

ABSTRACT

An intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body is disclosed. The intervertebral implant includes a body portion through which a first and a second pathway pass. A first straight anchor is movable in a straight path through the first pathway and a second straight anchor is movable in a straight path through the second pathway. A locking member is movable between an open position and a closed position to either block or allow the withdrawal of the first and second straight anchors.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/836,478 filed on Aug. 26, 2015, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/636,305 filed on Mar. 3, 2015, and which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to intervertebral implants for implantation between vertebral bodies.

Intervertebral implants are placed between vertebral bodies to replace degenerated intervertebral discs. They can be used as an alternative to spinal fusion to reduce pain in the neck and back while still allowing motion in the spine. Many intervertebral implants are designed to be fit between vertebral bodies but are not easily removable. Removal often involves destruction of the implant, so it may not be reused if removed from the spine. It would be desirable for an intervertebral implant to allow easy removal from the spine and for the implant to be reusable once removed.

Thus, there is a need for improvement in this field.

SUMMARY

The claims, and only the claims, recite the invention. In summary, it may include an intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body. The implant includes a body portion having a top side for contact with the upper vertebral body, a bottom side for contact with the lower vertebral body, and an anterior side between the top and bottom sides. The implant also includes a plate that is removably attachable to the body portion. The plate includes a top side for contact with the upper vertebral body, a bottom side for contact with the lower vertebral body, and a posterior side and an anterior side between the top and bottom sides. The plate defines in space a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and passing through the anterior side.

The implant includes a first pathway through the plate and a first straight anchor movable in an straight path through the first pathway to penetrate into the upper vertebral body. It also includes a second pathway through the plate and a second straight anchor movable in an straight path through the second pathway to penetrate into the lower vertebral body.

The implant may include a locking member that is selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to the Y-axis. When the locking member is moved to the closed position it is located anteriorly of the first straight anchor and the second straight anchor, blocking the withdrawal of the first and second straight anchor from the anterior side of the plate. The locking member is selectively movable along a generally transverse movement path from the closed position to the open position to allow withdrawal of the first straight anchor and the second straight anchor from the anterior side of the plate to facilitate removal of the implant from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.

Further forms, objects, features, aspects, benefits, advantages, and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from a detailed description and drawings provided herewith.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (see cut line 1-1 in FIG. 3B) of an intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body.

FIG. 2 is a partial top plan view of the body portion of FIG. 1 showing an opening used for removal.

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a gate.

FIG. 3B is a front view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 3A configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 3C is a front view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 3A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 3D is a top plan view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 3B.

FIG. 4A is a front view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a cam configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 4B is a front view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 4A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 4C is a top plan view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A is a front view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a lateral slide configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 5B is a front view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 5A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 5C is a top plan view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a slap hammer with a removal tool feature.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a body portion of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a plate of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 7.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the intervertebral implant of FIG. 7 including a locking member comprising a gate.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body.

FIG. 12A is a a front view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a gate configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 12B is the intervertabral implant of FIG. 12A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 13A is a a front view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a cam configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 13B is the intervertebral implant of FIG. 13A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 14A is a a front view of an intervertebral implant including a locking member comprising a lateral slide configured in an unlocked position.

FIG. 14B is the intervertebral implant of FIG. 14A with the locking member configured in a locked position.

FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional view of a plate for an intervertebral implant.

FIG. 16 is a side cross-sectional view of an insertion tool for the intervertebral implant of FIG. 11.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SELECTED EMBODIMENTS

For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. Any alterations and further modifications in the described embodiments, and any further applications of the principles of the invention as described herein are contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates. One embodiment of the invention is shown in great detail, although it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that some features that are not relevant to the present invention may not be shown for the sake of clarity.

With reference to the drawing Figures, for example FIGS. 1-5C, an intervertebral implant 100 for implantation between an upper vertebral body 105 and a lower vertebral body 110 is shown. The intervertebral implant 100 includes a body portion 120 having a top side 122 for contact with the upper vertebral body 105 and a bottom side 124 for contact with the lower vertebral body 110. The intervertebral implant 100 also includes an anterior side 126 between the top and bottom sides 122, 124. The body portion 120 defines, in space, a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and passing through the anterior side 126.

A first pathway 130 extends through the body portion 120 from the anterior side 126 to the top side 122 of the body portion. A first arcuate anchor 135 is movable in an arcuate path through the first pathway 130 to penetrate into the upper vertebral body 105.

A second pathway 140 extends through the body portion 120 from the anterior side 126 to the bottom side 124 of the body portion 120. A second arcuate anchor 145 is movable in an arcuate path through the second pathway 140 to penetrate into the lower vertebral body 110.

One or more locking member 155, 160, 165 is selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to the Y-axis. Upon transverse movement to the closed position, the locking member is located anteriorly of the first arcuate anchor 135 and the second arcuate anchor 145. The locking member blocks the withdrawal of the first arcuate anchor 135 and the second arcuate anchor 145 from the anterior side 126 of the body portion 120.

The locking member is selectively movable along the generally transverse movement path from the closed position to the open position to allow withdrawal of the first arcuate anchor 135 and the second arcuate anchor 145 from the anterior side 126 of the body portion 120. Withdrawal of first arcuate anchor 135 and second arcuate anchor 145 facilitates removal of the body portion from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies 105, 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral gate 155 (see FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D), and the movement path of the locking member is with the lateral gate pivoting on a hinge axis.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a cam or other non-circular rotating member 160 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), and the movement path of the locking member is with the cam 160 pivoting on a cam axis 162 which is generally parallel to the Y-axis. The cam may have a radially extended segment that, upon pivoting on the cam axis, is movable generally transverse to the Y-axis to block the first arcuate anchor 135 and the second arcuate anchor 145 from withdrawal.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral slide 165 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B), and the movement path of the locking member is along a track 168 that is generally transverse to the Y-axis.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first arcuate anchor 135 has a first front edge 137 that extends anteriorly of a front surface along the anterior side 126 of the body portion 120 when implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body 105. Also the second arcuate anchor 145 has a second front edge 147 that extends anteriorly of the front surface along the anterior side 126 of the body portion 120 when implanted and penetrating into the lower vertebral body 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first arcuate anchor 135 includes a first means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from the body portion. The second arcuate anchor 145 includes a second means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from the body portion.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first means for being grabbed may include a first hole 139 in the first arcuate anchor 135 located near the first front edge 137. The second means for being grabbed may include a second hole 149 in the second arcuate anchor 145 located near the second front edge 147. One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the anchor 135, 145 includes an opening 139, 149 (see FIG. 2). The openings may be configured to receive a removal tool hook 174 for removing the implant from between the upper vertebral body 105 and the lower vertebral body 110. Removal tool hook 174 may be a dedicated tool; or, optionally it may be part of another tool such as a slap hammer 200 (FIG. 6). Other tools, such as pliers may be used. Optionally, however, instead of or in addition to one or more such holes, the means may include other structure, including a ridge, groove, bump, high friction surface and/or combinations thereof.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the body portion 120 is made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35 making it resistant to destructive implant removal.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first arcuate anchor 135 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within the first pathway 130. Also, optionally, the second arcuate anchor 145 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within the second pathway 140.

One feature that is optional but not required is a cavity 101 (FIG. 1) for bone chips and/or other bone fusion material.

With reference to FIGS. 7-10, an alternative embodiment of an intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body 105 and a lower vertebral body 110 is shown. The intervertebral implant 300 includes a plate 325 that attaches to the body portion 320 of the intervertebral implant 300.

Plate 325 (see FIG. 9) has a top side 332 for contact with the upper vertebral body 105 and a bottom side 334 for contact with the lower vertebral body 110. Plate 325 also includes and a posterior side 328 and an anterior side 326 between the top side 332 and bottom side 334. Plate 325 defines in space a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and passing through the anterior side 326 of plate 325.

A first pathway 330 through plate 325 extends from the anterior side 326 to the top side 332 of plate 325. A first arcuate anchor 335 is movable in an arcuate path through first pathway 330 to penetrate into the upper vertebral body 105.

A second pathway 340 through plate 325 extends from the anterior side 326 to the bottom side 334 of plate 325. A second arcuate anchor 345 is movable in an arcuate path through second pathway 340 to penetrate into the lower vertebral body 110.

Plate 325 is adapted to be removably attachable to body portion 320. Body portion 320 (see FIG. 8) has a top side 322 for contact with the upper vertebral body 105 and a bottom side 324 for contact with the lower vertebral body 110. Body portion 320 also includes and an anterior side 327 between top side 322 and bottom side 324. One or more locking member 155, 160, or 165 (as shown in FIGS. 3A, 4A, and 5A) is selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to the Y-axis. Upon transverse movement of the locking member to the closed position, the locking member is located anteriorly of first arcuate anchor 335 and second arcuate anchor 345, blocking their withdrawal from the anterior side 326 of plate 325.

The locking member 155, 160, or 165 is selectively movable along the generally transverse movement path from the closed position to the open position to allow withdrawal of first arcuate anchor 335 and second arcuate anchor 345 from the anterior side 326 of plate 325 to facilitate removal of the intervertebral implant 300 from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the anterior side 327 of body portion 320 may include a threaded connection interface, such as a tapped opening 329, and the posterior side 328 of plate 325 also includes a threaded connection interface, such as a threaded member 336. The threaded connection interfaces on body portion 320 and plate 325 may be mated to attach body portion 320 to plate 325. As an example, threaded member 336 may be inserted into and engage tapped opening 329 to attach plate 325 to body portion 320. In other embodiments, a tapped opening may be included on plate 325 and a threaded member may be included on body portion 320.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first arcuate anchor 335 has a first front edge 337 that extends anteriorly of a front surface along anterior side 326 of plate 325 when implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body 105. Also, second arcuate anchor 345 has a second front edge 347 that extends anteriorly of the front surface along anterior side 326 of plate 325 when implanted and penetrating into the lower vertebral body 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first arcuate anchor 335 includes a first means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from plate 325. Also, second arcuate anchor 345 includes a second means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from plate 325.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first means for being grabbed comprises a first hole 339 in first arcuate anchor 335 located near first front edge 337. The second means for being grabbed comprises a second hole 349 in second arcuate anchor 345 located near second front edge 349.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that body portion 320 and plate 325 are made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35 making it resistant to destructive implant removal.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first arcuate anchor 335 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within first pathway 330. Also, second arcuate anchor 345 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within second pathway 340.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral gate 155 (see FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 10), and the movement path of the locking member is with the lateral gate pivoting on a hinge axis.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a cam 160 (see FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C). The movement path is the cam pivoting on a cam axis which is generally parallel to the Y-axis. The cam has a radially extended segment that, upon pivoting on the cam axis, is movable generally transverse to the Y-axis to block first arcuate anchor 335 and second arcuate anchor 345 from withdrawal.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral slide 165 (see FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C). The movement path of lateral slide 165 is along a track that is generally transverse to the Y-axis.

One feature that is optional but not required is a cavity 301 (FIG. 7) for bone chips an/dor other bone fusion material.

With reference to FIGS. 11-16, an alternative embodiment of an intervertebral implant 400 for implantation between an upper vertebral body 105 and a lower vertebral body 110 is shown. The intervertebral implant 400 includes a body portion 420 having a top side 422 for contact with the upper vertebral body 105 and a bottom side 424 for contact with the lower vertebral body 110. The intervertebral implant 400 also includes an anterior side 426 between the top and bottom sides 422, 424. The body portion 420 defines, in space, a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and passing through the anterior side 426.

A first pathway 430 extends through the body portion 420 from the anterior side 426 to the top side 422 of the body portion 420. A first straight anchor 435 is movable in a straight path through the first pathway 430 to penetrate into the upper vertebral body 105.

A second pathway 440 extends through the body portion 420 from the anterior side 426 to the bottom side 424 of the body portion 420. A second straight anchor 445 is movable in a straight path through the second pathway 440 to penetrate into the lower vertebral body 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the intervertebral implant 400 includes one or more locking member 455, 460, 465 that is selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to the Y-axis. Upon transverse movement to the closed position, the locking member is located anteriorly of the first straight anchor 435 and the second straight anchor 445. The locking member blocks the withdrawal of the first straight anchor 435 and the second straight anchor 445 from the anterior side 426 of the body portion 420.

The locking member is selectively movable along the generally transverse movement path from the closed position to the open position to allow withdrawal of the first straight anchor 435 and the second straight anchor 445 from the anterior side 426 of the body portion 420. Withdrawal of first straight anchor 435 and second straight anchor 445 facilitates removal of the body portion from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies 105, 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first straight anchor 435 has a first front edge 437 that extends anteriorly of a front surface along anterior side 426 of body portion 420 when implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body 105. Also, second straight anchor 445 has a second front edge 447 that extends anteriorly of the front surface along anterior side 426 of body portion 420 when implanted and penetrating into the lower vertebral body 110.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first straight anchor 435 includes a first means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from body portion 420. Also, second straight anchor 445 includes a second means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from body portion 420.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first means for being grabbed comprises a first hole 439 in first straight anchor 435 located near first front edge 437. The second means for being grabbed comprises a second hole 449 in second straight anchor 445 located near second front edge 447.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that body portion 420 is made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35 making it resistant to destructive implant removal.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that first straight anchor 435 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within first pathway 430. Also, second straight anchor 445 does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within second pathway 440.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral gate 455 (see FIGS. 12A and 12B), and the movement path of the locking member is with the lateral gate pivoting on a hinge axis.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a cam 460 (see FIGS. 13A and 13B). The movement path is the cam pivoting on a cam axis which is generally parallel to the Y-axis. The cam has a radially extended segment that, upon pivoting on the cam axis, is movable generally transverse to the Y-axis to block first straight anchor 435 and second straight anchor 445 from withdrawal. In some embodiments, there may be a single cam 460 that is positioned between pathways 430 and 440. In other embodiments, each pathway 430 and 440 may have its own cam 460.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the locking member comprises a lateral slide 465 (see FIGS. 14A and 14B). The movement path of lateral slide 465 is along a track 468 that is generally transverse to the Y-axis.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the first pathway 430 and the second pathway 440 are positioned on the same horizontal plane at the anterior side 426 of the body portion 420.

One feature that is optional but not required is a cavity 401 (FIG. 1) for bone chips and/or other bone fusion material.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the intervertebral implant 400 includes an insertion tool 470 that has a first straight insertion pathway 472 and a second straight insertion pathway 474 (see FIG. 16). A leading edge 476 of the insertion tool 470 is sized to engage the anterior side 426 of intervertebral implant 400, so that the first insertion pathway 472 may align with the second pathway 440 and the second insertion pathway 474 may align the with first pathway 430. The insertion pathways 472, 474 are adapted to receive one of the anchors 435, 445. A tamp 480 may be included with the insertion tool 470. An end 482 of the tamp 480 is angled so that tamp 480 may be used to push anchors 435, 445 through the insertion pathways 472, 474 of the insertion tool and into the pathways 430, 440 of intervertebral implant 400.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the intervertebral implant 400 includes a plate 425 that attaches to the body portion 320 (see FIG. 8) of an intervertebral implant. Plate 425 (see FIG. 15) has a top side 432 for contact with the upper vertebral body 105 and a bottom side 434 for contact with the lower vertebral body 110. Plate 425 also includes a posterior side 428 and an anterior side 426 between the top side 432 and bottom side 434. Plate 425 defines in space a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to the Z-axis and passing through the anterior side 426 of plate 425. A first pathway 430 extends in a straight path through plate 425 from the anterior side 426 to the top side 422 of the plate. A second pathway 440 extends in a straight path through plate 425 from the anterior side 426 to the bottom side 424 of the plate.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that the anterior side 327 of body portion 320 may include a threaded connection interface, such as a tapped opening 329, and the posterior side 428 of plate 425 also includes a threaded connection interface, such as a threaded member 436. The threaded connection interfaces on body portion 320 and plate 425 may be mated to attach body portion 320 to plate 425. As an example, threaded member 436 may be inserted into and engage tapped opening 329 to attach plate 425 to body portion 320. In other embodiments, a tapped opening may be included on plate 425 and a threaded member may be included on body portion 320.

One feature that is optional, but not required, may be that plate 425 is made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35 making it resistant to destructive implant removal.

As used here (claims, specification, and other definitions) the following terms have the following meaning:

Articles and phases such as, “the”, “a”, “an”, “at least one”, and “a first”, “comprising”, “having” and “including” here are not limited to mean only one, but rather are inclusive and open ended to also include, optionally, two or more of such elements and/or other elements. In terms of the meaning of words or terms or phrases herein, literal differences therein are not superfluous and have different meaning, and are not to be synonymous with words or terms or phrases in the same or other claims.

The term “means for” in a claim invokes 35 U.S.C. §112(f), literally encompassing the recited function and corresponding structure and equivalents thereto. Its absence does not, unless there otherwise is insufficient structure recited for that claim element. Nothing herein or elsewhere restricts the doctrine of equivalents available to the patentee.

The term “and/or” is inclusive here, meaning “and” as well as “or”. For example, “P and/or O” encompasses, P, Q, and P with Q; and, such “P and/or O” may include other elements as well.

The term “anchor” as used herein has the meaning, an object used to attach and secure one object to another object.

The term “anterior” as used herein has the meaning, being situated nearest or toward the front of the body. With respect to the spine, the anterior is considered to be the side of the spine closest to the stomach or the throat.

The term “anteriorly” as used herein has the meaning, positioned in a location more anterior with respect to another object where the anterior refers to a position nearer to the front of a reference point.

The term “arcuate” as used herein has the meaning, to be curved, in an arc of a circle.

The term “arcuate path” as used herein has the meaning, a track or opening used to guide movement that has a generally arcuate, or curved, shape.

The term “blocking their withdrawal” as used herein has the meaning, positioned to obstruct and disallow the removal of an object.

The term “body portion” as used herein has the meaning, the main or principal part of an object. More specifically, it refers to a part of a vertebra implant that contacts the vertebral body of a neighboring vertebra.

The term “cam” as used herein has the meaning, a rotating part that is non-circular.

The term “contact” as used herein has the meaning, the state or condition of physical touching between two objects. As used, contact requires at least one location where objects are directly or indirectly touching, with or without any other member(s) material in between.

The term “cranial-caudal orientation” as used herein has the meaning, in the direction along an axis running vertically toward and away from a (standing) patient's skull.

The term “destructive implant removal” as used herein has the meaning, removal of an implant by causing harm or damage to the implant so it may not be reused after removal.

The term “detent lock” as used herein has the meaning, a locking mechanism that includes a snap-in lock. When engaged, the releasable part prevents motion, and motion is not allowed until the part is released.

The term “facilitate” as used herein has the meaning, to aid or help accomplish an action or a process to make that action or process easier. The act of facilitation does not need to accomplish the action or process entirely on its own.

The term “front edge” as used herein has the meaning, the outer limit of an object, where the term front is used to denote the anterior-most limit of the object.

The term “front surface” as used herein has the meaning, an exterior surface which may or may not be the anterior most surface.

The term “gate” as used herein has the meaning, a structure that swings on a pivot or hinge.

The term “hinge” as used herein has the meaning, a jointed device on which a swinging part is attached so that it may rotate about the joint. The hinge may allow the part to rotate in a full circle, or rotation may be limited to an arc.

The term “hole” as used herein has the meaning, a hollow opening within a body, structure, or an object. It can be any shape.

The term “horizontal plane” as used herein has the meaning, a plane across the body that forms right angles with the coronal and sagittal planes. As an example, the Z-axis forms a right angle with a horizontal plane.

The term “locking it permanently” as used herein has the meaning, applying a lock to a structure so that it cannot be moved. Once the lock is put in place, it cannot be removed so that motion of the structure is never allowed absent destructive implant removal.

The term “locking member” as used herein has the meaning, an object used to prevent the movement of another object or objects. For example, a locking member may be any structure used to prevent the movement of an anchor. A locking member may be fixed or may be movable.

The term “means for being grabbed by a tool” as used herein has the meaning, any structure that is configured to be able to be gripped or seized or hooked by a tool. The structure may be a portion of, or connected to a larger structure. It may include holes, ridge, bumps, grooves, and high friction surfacing.

The term “pathway” as used herein has the meaning, a track or an open area that is used to guide the movement of another object. A pathway may take various shapes, for example, it may be straight and/or curved.

The term “perpendicular” as used herein has the meaning, meeting at a substantially 90 degree angle. Small variations from 90 degrees within the range of acceptable tolerance limits are allowed.

The term “plate” as used herein has the meaning, a portion of an intervertebral implant that is attachable to the body portion. A plate may be attached to the anterior side of the body portion or may be attached to a different side or multiple sides of the body portion. A plate may include pathways for receiving anchors or other objects.

The term “posterior” as used herein has the meaning, being situated nearest or toward the back of the body. With respect to the spine, the posterior is considered to be the side of the spine closest to the patient's back. The posterior is the opposite side from the anterior.

The term “removably attachable” as used herein has the meaning, to be able to fasten, connect, or join two separate objects in a manner that allows the objects to be detached without damaging the objects to the extent that the object could not be reused.

The term “removal tool” as used herein has the meaning, any structure or object that may be used to assist in the removal of the implant or anchor from between vertebral bodies without causing damage to the implant. As an example, the removal tool may be a wire, pliers, or a hook structure.

The term “Rockwell hardness” as used refers to the scale commonly used to determine the hardness of a material where hardness is determined based on the depth of penetration of an indenter. The A-scale uses a 120° diamond cone indenter with a 60 kgf load.

The term “side” as used herein has the meaning, one of the faces on the surface of an object. An object can have multiple faces with a variety of orientations. For example, an object may have a front side, a bottom side, a back side, or a top side.

The term “slide” as used herein has the meaning, a structure that is able to move along the surface, track or grove of another object.

The term “straight” as used herein has the meaning, extending or moving within a single axis without curving or bending.

The term “threaded connection interface” as used herein has the meaning, a surface that is adapted to attach to another surface using a threaded connection. One example of a threaded connection interface may be a surface that includes a tapped opening. Another threaded connection interface may be a surface that includes a threaded member extending from the surface that may be inserted into a threaded opening. Representative examples of threaded members include a screw, a nut and bolt, or a threaded rod.

The term “track” as used herein has the meaning, a path or a route that defines the movement of an object. When an object is on a track, the movement of that object is confined to the position of the track.

The term “transverse” as used herein has the meaning, situated or extending across an object or an axis.

The term “vertebral body” as used herein has the meaning, the largest, cylindrical part of a vertebra. The vertebra is a bone or object that forms part of the spinal column. The vertebral body could be composed of bone or it can be an implant formed from any variety of materials that would be useful to replace bone such as titanium, stainless steel, or other metallic or non-metallic compounds.

The term “withdrawal” as used herein has the meaning, the action of removing or taking away something for a particular location.

The term “Y-axis” as used herein has the meaning, a central line of a body orientated in the Y-direction. As used in this application with respect to the human body, the Y-direction is perpendicular to the Z-axis passing through the anterior side of the vertebral implant, for example, from the stomach to the back.

The term “Z-axis” as used herein has the meaning, a central line of a body orientated in the Z-direction. As used in this application with respect to the human body, the Z-direction follows a cranial-cradium orientation, extending from the head through the feet.

The invention may include any one or more articles or devices made by any of the claimed methods and/or may by different methods but with a claimed composition.

The language used in the claims and the written description and in the above definitions is to only have its plain and ordinary meaning, except for terms explicitly defined above. Such plain and ordinary meaning is defined here as inclusive of all consistent dictionary definitions from the most recently published (on the filing date of this document) general purpose Webster's dictionaries and Random House dictionaries.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only the preferred embodiment has been shown and described and that all changes, equivalents, and modifications that come within the spirit of the inventions defined by following claims are desired to be protected. All publications, patents, and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and set forth in its entirety herein. 

1. An intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body, comprising: a body portion having a top side for contact with the upper vertebral body and a bottom side for contact with the lower vertebral body and an anterior side between said top and bottom sides, wherein said body portion defines in space a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to said Z-axis and passing through said anterior side; a first pathway through said body portion, said first pathway extending from said anterior side of said body portion to said top side of said body portion; a first straight anchor movable in a straight path through said first pathway to penetrate into the upper vertebral body; a second pathway through said body portion, said second pathway extending from said anterior side to said bottom side of said body portion; a second straight anchor movable in a straight path through said second pathway to penetrate into the lower vertebral body; a locking member, said locking member selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to said Y-axis, wherein upon said transverse movement to said closed position said locking member is located anteriorly of said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor blocking their withdrawal from said anterior side of body portion; and, wherein said locking member is selectively movable along said generally transverse movement path from said closed position to said open position to allow withdrawal of said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor from said anterior side of body portion to facilitate removal of the body portion from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.
 2. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said locking member comprises a lateral gate, and wherein said movement path is with said lateral gate pivoting on a hinge axis.
 3. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said locking member comprises a lateral slide, and wherein said movement path is along a track that is generally transverse to said Y-axis.
 4. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said locking member comprises a cam, and wherein said movement path is with said cam pivoting on a cam axis which is generally parallel to said Y-axis, wherein said cam has a radially extended segment that, upon pivoting on said cam axis, is movable generally transverse to said Y-axis to block said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor from withdrawal.
 5. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said first straight anchor includes an opening, and wherein said opening is configured to receive a removal tool for removing said first straight anchor from between the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral body.
 6. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein, said first straight anchor has a first front edge that extends anteriorly of a front surface along said anterior side of said body portion when implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body; and, said second straight anchor has a second front edge that extends anteriorly of said front surface along said anterior side of said body portion when implanted and penetrating into the lower vertebral body.
 7. The intervertebral implant of claim 6 wherein, said first straight anchor includes a first means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from said body portion; and, said second straight anchor includes a second means for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from said body portion.
 8. The intervertebral implant of claim 7 wherein, said first means for being grabbed comprises a first hole in said first straight anchor located near said first front edge; and, said second means for being grabbed comprises a second hole in said second straight anchor located near said second front edge.
 9. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein said body portion is made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35 making it resistant to destructive implant removal.
 10. The intervertebral implant of claim 1 wherein, said first straight anchor does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within said first pathway; and, said second straight anchor does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within said second pathway.
 11. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said first pathway and said second pathway are positioned on the same horizontal plane at said anterior side of said body portion.
 12. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, further comprising: an insertion tool including a first straight insertion pathway and a second straight insertion pathway, wherein said insertion pathways are adapted to receive one of said first straight anchor or a second straight anchor; a tamp, wherein an end of said tamp is angled so that the end of said tamp may be inserted into said insertion pathways.
 13. The intervertebral implant of claim 1, wherein said body portion includes a plate that is removably attachable to said body portion, and wherein said first pathway and said second pathway extend through said plate.
 14. An intervertebral implant for implantation between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body, comprising: a body portion having a top side for contact with the upper vertebral body and a bottom side for contact with the lower vertebral body and an anterior side between said top and bottom sides; a plate removably attachable to said body portion, said plate including a top side for contact with the upper vertebral body and a bottom side for contact with the lower vertebral body and a posterior side and an anterior side between said top and bottom sides, wherein said plate defines in space a Z-axis generally in a cranial-caudal orientation therethrough and a Y-axis perpendicular to said Z-axis and passing through said anterior side of said plate; a first pathway through said plate, said first pathway extending from said anterior side of said plate to said top side of said plate; a first straight anchor movable in an straight path through said first pathway to penetrate into the upper vertebral body; a second pathway through said plate, said second pathway extending from said anterior side of said plate to said bottom side of said plate; a second straight anchor movable in an straight path through said second pathway to penetrate into the lower vertebral body; wherein said first straight anchor includes a first front edge that extends anteriorly of a front surface along said anterior side of said plate when said first straight anchor is implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body, and wherein said first straight anchor comprises a first hole located near said first front edge for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from said plate; and, wherein said second straight anchor includes a second front edge that extends anteriorly of a front surface along said anterior side of said plate when said second straight anchor is implanted and penetrating into the upper vertebral body, and wherein said second straight anchor comprises a second hole located near said second front edge for being grabbed by a tool for anterior withdrawal from said plate.
 15. The intervertebral implant of claim 14, wherein said anterior side of said body portion includes a threaded connection interface that may be mated with a threaded connection interface on said posterior side of said plate to attach said body portion to said plate.
 16. The intervertebral implant of claim 14 wherein said body portion and said plate are made of a metallic material having a Rockwell hardness [on the A-scale] of at least 35, making it resistant to destructive implant removal.
 17. The intervertebral implant of claim 14 wherein, said first straight anchor does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within said first pathway; and, said second straight anchor does not have a detent lock for locking it permanently in place within said second pathway.
 18. The intervertebral implant of claim 14 further comprising: a locking member selectively movable between an open position and a closed position in a movement path that is generally transverse to said Y-axis, wherein upon said transverse movement to said closed position said locking member is located anteriorly of said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor blocking their withdrawal from said anterior side of said plate; and, wherein said locking member is selectively movable along said generally transverse movement path from said closed position to said open position to allow withdrawal of said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor from said anterior side of said plate to facilitate removal of the intervertebral implant from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.
 19. The intervertebral implant of claim 18, wherein said locking member comprises a lateral gate, and wherein said movement path is with said lateral gate pivoting on a hinge axis.
 20. The intervertebral implant of claim 18, wherein said locking member comprises a cam, and wherein said movement path is with said cam pivoting on a cam axis which is generally parallel to said Y-axis, wherein said cam has a radially extended segment that, upon pivoting on said cam axis, is movable generally transverse to said Y-axis to block said first straight anchor and said second straight anchor from withdrawal.
 21. The intervertebral implant of claim 18, wherein said locking member comprises a lateral slide, and wherein said movement path is along a track that is generally transverse to said Y-axis. 